Home > Articles

Renal and adrenal tumours in children

Abstract

The differential diagnosis of renal and supra-renal masses firstly depends on the age of the child. Neuroblastoma (NBL) may be seen antenatally or in the newborn period; this tumour has a good prognosis unlike NBL seen in older children (particularly NBL in those aged 2-4 years). Benign renal masses predominate in early infancy but beyond the first year of life Wilms' tumour is the most common renal malignancy, until adolescence when renal cell carcinoma has similar or increased frequency as children get older. Adrenal adenomas and carcinomas also occur in childhood; these tumours are indistinguishable on imaging but criteria for the diagnosis of adrenal carcinoma include size larger than 5 cm, a tendency to invade the inferior vena cava and to metastasise. The most topical dilemmas in the radiological assessment of renal and adrenal tumours are presented. Topics covered include a proposed revision to the staging of NBL, the problems inherent in distinguishing nephrogenic rests from Wilms' tumour and the current recently altered approach regarding small lung nodules in children with Wilms' tumour.

Author

Kieran McHugh

Contact Details

Corresponding address:
Kieran McHugh, FRCR, FRCPI, DCH, Consultant Paediatric Radiologist, Department of Radiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London WC1N 3JH, UK

Reference

ICIS Cancer Imaging Volume 7 Issue 1
DOI: 10.1102/1470-7330.2007.0007

Date Posted

5 March 2007

Open Access is provided for this article.

Print PDF